sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl \ software-properties-common curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - sudo add-apt-repository \ "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ $(lsb_release -cs) \ stable"
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install docker-ce
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
device-mapper-persistent-data \
lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum install docker-ce
sudo systemctl start docker
# Arch源自带docker安装包，所以直接使用pacman就可以安装 sudo pacman -Sy docker
在/etc/docker/daemon.json（如果没有该文件则创建该文件）中添加如下内容：
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
如果是阿里云服务器，建议使用阿里云镜像加速，具体见https://www.jianshu.com/p/1a4025c5f186
如果将当前用户添加到docker用户组：
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
如果将其他用户添加到docker用户组：
sudo usermod -aG docker <user_name>
docker pull <image_author>/<image_name>拉取已有镜像，也可以通过docker build -t <image_name> .通过Dockerfile生成镜像docker run --name <container_name> -p <host_port>:<container_port> -dit <image_name>[:image_version]docker commit [-m <message>] <container_name> <image_name>[:image_version], docker push <username>/<image_name>[:tag]docker images, docker images -asdocker rmi <username>/<image_name>docker save -o <image_file_path> <image_name>docker load -i <image_file_path>docker container或docker ps,docker ps -a（查看所有容器，包括已经停止的容器）, docker ps -as（查看所有容器并显示容器占用的空间大小）docker stop <container_name_or_container_id>docker start <container_name_or_container_id>docker rm <container_name_or_container_id>docker cp <系统文件路径> <容器>：<容器路径>docker cp <容器>：<文件路径> <系统路径>Java Web示例：
# 基于Uuntu16.04 FROM ubuntu:16.04 # 避免安装软件提示dpkg配置错误 ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive # 支持显示中文 ENV LANG C.UTF-8 # 切换Ubuntu源为中国的源 RUN sed -i 's/archive/cn\.archive/g' /etc/apt/sources.list RUN apt-get update RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends apt-utils RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends bash-completion RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends apt-transport-https ca-certificates RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends vim openssh-server wget # 安装tomcat和mysql等 RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git maven openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jdk RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends mariadb-server mariadb-client tomcat8 # 修改maven镜像 RUN wget -q https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war-stable/latest/jenkins.war RUN cp jenkins.war /var/lib/tomcat8/webapps # 修改ssh配置以允许远程登录root用户 RUN sed -i 's/PermitRootLogin\ prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin\ yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config # 配置tomcat内存 RUN sed -i 's/Xmx128m/Xmx4096m/g' /etc/default/tomcat8 # 清理apt缓存 RUN rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/* # 开放端口 EXPOSE 3306 EXPOSE 8080 EXPOSE 80 EXPOSE 22 # 命令行自动补全 RUN echo "if ! shopt -oq posix; then" > ~/.bashrc RUN echo " if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " . /etc/bash_completion" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " fi" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo "fi" >> ~/.bashrc # 自启动脚本 RUN echo "#!/usr/bin/env bash" > ~/start.sh RUN echo "service ssh start" >> ~/start.sh RUN echo "service mysql start" >> ~/start.sh RUN echo "service tomcat8 start" >> ~/start.sh RUN chmod a+x ~/start.sh # 其他bashrc配置 RUN echo "alias ll='ls -alF'" >> ~/.start.sh CMD ~/start.sh && /bin/bash
Django示例
# 基于Uuntu16.04 FROM ubuntu:16.04 # 避免安装软件提示dpkg配置错误 ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive # 支持显示中文 ENV LANG C.UTF-8 # 切换Ubuntu源为中国的源 RUN sed -i 's/archive/cn\.archive/g' /etc/apt/sources.list RUN apt-get update RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends apt-utils RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends bash-completion RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends apt-transport-https ca-certificates RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends vim openssh-server wget # 安装Apache2, python3等 RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git apache2 python3 python3-pip libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3 python3-setuptools python3-dev build-essential RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends mariadb-server mariadb-client libmysqlclient-dev # 清理apt缓存 RUN rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/* # 开放端口 EXPOSE 3306 EXPOSE 8000 EXPOSE 80 EXPOSE 22 # 命令行自动补全 RUN echo "if ! shopt -oq posix; then" > ~/.bashrc RUN echo " if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " . /etc/bash_completion" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo " fi" >> ~/.bashrc RUN echo "fi" >> ~/.bashrc # 自启动脚本 RUN echo "#!/usr/bin/env bash" > ~/start.sh RUN echo "service ssh start" >> ~/start.sh RUN echo "service mysql start" >> ~/start.sh RUN echo "service apache2 start" >> ~/start.sh RUN chmod a+x ~/start.sh # 其他bashrc配置 RUN echo "alias ll='ls -alF'" >> ~/.bashrc CMD ~/start.sh && /bin/bash
参考Docker Change Port Mapping for an Existing Container（需要自备梯子）
sudo service docker stop
sudo vim /var/lib/docker/containers/<container id>/config.v2.json
# 在ExposedPorts中添加类似"8888/tcp": {}
sudo vim /var/lib/docker/containers/<container id>/hostconfig.json
# 添加或修改PortBindings，类似 "80/tcp":[{"HostIp": "","HostPort": "80"}],
sudo service docker start
sudo docker start <container_id_or_container_name>
在dockerfile中通过加入CMD service <service_name> start && /bin/bash。参考链接
在run image的时候加入需要启动时执行的命令或者脚本即可，如果container已经存在则提交后再run，类似docker run --name=test -dit ubuntu service <service_name> start && /bin/bash
在执行docker run命令时，增加参数--cap-add SYS_PTRACE
参考链接：How to change the docker image installation directory?,How do I change the Docker image installation directory?
Docker for Linux的镜像和容器文件默认存储在/var/lib/docker文件夹中，可以改为其他路径，修改步骤为
service docker stoptar czf ~/docker.tar.gz /var/lib/dockermv /var/lib/docker ~/"graph": "/home/test/docker" 到daemon.json文件中，Docker17以后，graph参数被禁用了，需要改为data-root。service docker startdocker start <docker_name>临时解决方案：
locale 和locale -a ，后者输出结果包含C.UTF-8则表示支持中文，前者输出结果不是C.UTF-8（例如POSIX）则表示当前设置不是中文；/etc/profile 文件，最后加入export LANG=C.UTF-8 以支持中文；source /etc/profile 以生效（每次容器重启后都需要执行）永久解决方案：
按照网上常见的办法去安装docker-io，一直失败，无奈只能采用离线安装的方式进行解决，主要的解决办法如下： - 下载离线需要的依赖包， 备用下载地址： 百度云盘 提取码: rhi3 - 按照依赖包里面的readme 安装即可
在~/.vimrc中添加如下内容(参考Docker 容器中文乱码解决方案_cuigelasi的博客-CSDN博客_docker中文乱码）
:set encoding=utf-8 :set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936 :set fileencoding=gb2312 :set termencoding=utf-8
参考：docker中使用Ubuntu中文乱码问题解决 - 尚叶鑫的个人主页
git config --global i18n.commitencoding utf-8 git config --global i18n.logoutputencoding utf-8
执行上述命令后，在~/.bashrc中加入export LESSCHARSET=utf-8